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#521
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published helmet research - not troll
Benjamin Lewis writes:
Bill Z. wrote: What I find even more curious is that a short, obscure paper written by three guys is the only thing that ever gets mentioned by the anti-helmet camp, That's because it's pretty much the only statistic quoted by the anti-choice camp. Or if it isn't, what other study shows this "85%" figure that I keep seeing? The "anti-helmet" camp, as you call it, also frequently mentions a number of other studies, e.g. New Zealand & Australia. I should have said that it is the only study showing a positive result for helmet use that they mention. The New Zealand one did not measure a benefit to helmet use by looking at injuries, but the study could not track which injured cyclists wore helmets and which didn't (someone emailed the author and asked about that, and posted a summary of the response on rec.bicycles.soc.) Instead they used independent surveys of cyclists that counted the number who used helmets versus the number who didn't. Helmet usage went up substantially after New Zealand passed a helmet law, but this is not the same as "cyclist-miles" for those using helmets and those who don't. Also, New Zealand has a tiny population, which limits the accuracy of the results. The study that was on the Snell site reported a factor of two or three difference in helmet effectiveness based on how well the helmet fit the rider (including strap adjustment.) The New Zealand study didn't control for that. It showed that merely passing a helmet law doesn't help. -- My real name backwards: nemuaZ lliB |
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#523
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published helmet research - not troll
"Just zis Guy, you know?" writes:
On Mon, 05 Jul 2004 03:00:12 GMT, Joe Riel wrote in message : "If I lock the front brake, the front wheel will skid. The only time I've gone over the bars was when something got lodged in the front wheel..." Don't forget the bit about if I hit a car I hit feet-first. Feet first only really happens on a recumbent :-) No imagnation, I take it? To avoid a crash you can brake or turn, and if you blow it and fall off your bike, you could go in feet first. 88% of helmet statistics are made up, 65% of them at Washington University Repeating it doesn't make it true. -- My real name backwards: nemuaZ lliB |
#524
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published helmet research - not troll
"Just zis Guy, you know?" writes:
On Mon, 05 Jul 2004 19:50:47 GMT, (Bill Z.) wrote in message : And where is the proof of this assertion???? You know, from an impartial, independent source. You want to be careful about using words like "impartial" and "independent" - or don't you know where TR&T get their money from? We were talking about a claim from a certain Ms. Robinson, not TR&T, were we not???? -- My real name backwards: nemuaZ lliB |
#525
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published helmet research - not troll
"Just zis Guy, you know?" writes:
On Mon, 05 Jul 2004 19:26:59 GMT, (Bill Z.) wrote in message : And I can track the visits in depth, the inside pages get many more hits than the homepage. But whatever. At least it is a site which some peopel find useful, mainly because I have done quite a bit of work on understanding the helmet issue, which is a complex one. Or you have a site with search/navigation so poor that people are bouncing around all over the place trying to find something before giving up, as one of a number of other explanations. -- My real name backwards: nemuaZ lliB |
#526
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published helmet research - not troll
Bill Z. wrote:
Benjamin Lewis writes: Bill Z. wrote: The shape doesn't matter. All the matters in the position of the center of mass relative to where the front tire touches the ground. ... and the shape significantly affects the position of the center of mass. No it doesn't: the predominant thing that affects the position of the center of mass is the rider (in this case, a single one, sitting at about the same position relative to the front wheel as on a mountain or road bike.) The rest of the tandem is a small correction due to the mass of the frame being far lower than the mass of the cyclist. How small? -- Benjamin Lewis Always remember that you are unique. Just like everyone else. |
#527
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published helmet research - not troll
Bill Z. wrote:
Benjamin Lewis writes: Bill Z. wrote: What I find even more curious is that a short, obscure paper written by three guys is the only thing that ever gets mentioned by the anti-helmet camp, That's because it's pretty much the only statistic quoted by the anti-choice camp. Or if it isn't, what other study shows this "85%" figure that I keep seeing? The "anti-helmet" camp, as you call it, also frequently mentions a number of other studies, e.g. New Zealand & Australia. I should have said that it is the only study showing a positive result for helmet use that they mention. Which other ones should they mention? -- Benjamin Lewis Always remember that you are unique. Just like everyone else. |
#528
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published helmet research - not troll
In article , Bill Z.
wrote: It wasn't clear if the line of cars was in a lane parallel to Dan's or if it was on the cross street, nor was it clear if the left-turning car was turning from the cross street or from an opposing lane on the street Dan was riding on. I'll let Dan fill in the details if he chooses. Line of cars was in the left lane parallel to my movement in the right lane of a four lane road (two lanes each way). The turning car was turning left from the left lane of the opposite direction traffic across my two lanes into a driveway on my right. A driver in a van waved him through (when I do that to folks, I'm saying "I'm not going to pull up, you can come in front of me"; the left-turning driver thought he meant "the coast is clear, you can barrel through without looking at all"), and with the van obscuring my view, he just appeared in front of me. It was a small, low, foreign sedan. The driver was cited for not seeing the way clear for a safe turning movement. Condescending comments or not, my riding style is different now, and this situation would not reoccur for me. I thought I was safe by owning the lane, but the confluence of factors demonstrated that I was not. Dan |
#529
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published helmet research - not troll
In article . net, Tom
Kunich wrote: Dan what are the chances that had you not been wearing a helmet that your head would have missed the ground since cracking indicates only a slight grazing? That is unknowable for certain, but judging from the skid marks on the outer shell, I'd have had at the very minimum some serious headburn and lost hair to go with my lost skin. The condition of the helmet suggested to me that my head most certainly would have contacted the pavement. Dan |
#530
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published helmet research - not troll
Benjamin Lewis writes:
Bill Z. wrote: Benjamin Lewis writes: Bill Z. wrote: What I find even more curious is that a short, obscure paper written by three guys is the only thing that ever gets mentioned by the anti-helmet camp, That's because it's pretty much the only statistic quoted by the anti-choice camp. Or if it isn't, what other study shows this "85%" figure that I keep seeing? The "anti-helmet" camp, as you call it, also frequently mentions a number of other studies, e.g. New Zealand & Australia. I should have said that it is the only study showing a positive result for helmet use that they mention. Which other ones should they mention? See http://www.bhsi.org/henderso.htm (the report itself is a high level summary and not that interesting as a result), but it contains a long bibliography. I've pasted that part in below: ====================== Anderson P R, Adena M A and Montesin H J, Trends in road crash fatality rates: Australia, 1970-1990, INTSTAT Australia Pty Ltd for the Federal Office of Road Safety, Report No. CR 113, Department of Transport and Communications, Canberra, 1993. Andersson, Larsson and Sandberg, Chin strap forces in bicycle helmets, Swedish National Testing and Research Institute, SP Report, 1993 (BHSIDOC # 487, Bicycle Helmet Safety Institute, Arlington VA, 1990). Baker S P, O'Neill, B Ginsburg M J and Li G, The injury Fact Book, Second Edition, New York NY, Oxford University Press, 1992. Baker S P, Li G Fowler C and Dannenberg A L, Injuries to Bicyclists, a National Perspective, Johns Hopkins Injury Prevention Centre, Johns Hopkins School of Public Health. Baltimore, Maryland, 1993. Bergman A B, Rivara F P, Richards D D and Rogers L W, The Seattle childrens' bicycle helmet campaign, American Journal of Diseases of Children, 144:727-731, 1990. Rodgers G, Bicycle Use and Hazard Patterns in the US, and Options for Injury Reduction US Consumer Product Safety Commission, Washington DC, 1993. Buntain W L, Bicycle injuries in children, an economic insight and literature review, in Proceedings, 29th Annual Conference, American Association for Automotive Medicine. AAAM 1985. Cairns H and Holbourn H, Head injuries in motorcyclists with special reference to crash helmets. British Medical Journal, 1 :591, 1943. Cameron M H, Finch C F and Vulcan A P, The protective performance of bicycle helmets introduced at the same time as the bicycle helmet wearing law in Victoria, Report No. 59, Monash University Accident Research Centre, July 1994. Cameron M H, Vulcan A P, Finch C F and Newstead S V, Mandatory bicycle helmet use following a decade of helmet promotion in Victoria, Australia: an evaluation, Accident Analysis and Prevention, 26:325-337, 1994. Cameron M H, Heiman L and Neiger D, Evaluation of the bicycle helmet wearing law in Victoria during its first 12 months, Monash University Accident Research Centre, Report No.32, July 1992. Corner J P, Whitney C W, O'Rourke N and Morgan D E, Motor cycle and bicycle protective helmets: requirements resulting from a post crash study and experimental research, School of Civil Engineering, Queensland Institute of Technology, for the Federal Office of Road Safety, Department of Transport and Communications, Report CR 55, 1987. Dannenberg A L, Gielen A C, Beilenson P L, Wilson M E H and DeBoer, Bicycle helmet laws and educational campaigns: an evaluation of strategies to increase children's helmet use, American Journal of Public Health, 83(5), 1993. Denny-Brown D and Russell W R, Experimental cerebral concussion, Brain, 64:93-164, 1941. Dorsch M M, Woodward A J and Somers R L, Effect of helmet use in reducing head injury in bicycle accidents, in Proceedings, 28th Annual Conference, American Association for Automotive Medicine, AAAM, 1984 (reprinted in Accident Analysis and Prevention, 19:183, 1987). Drummond A E and Jee F M, The risks of bicyclist accident involvement, Monash University Accident Research Centre, Report No. 2, October 1988. Evans L and Frick M C, Helmet effectiveness in preventing motorcycle driver and passenger fatalities. Accident Analysis and Prevention. 20:447-458, 1988. Federal Office of Road Safety, Road crashes resulting in hospitalisation: Australia 1990: statistical summary, year ended 31 December 1990, Department of Transport and Communications, Canberra,1993. Fife D, Davis J and Tate L, Fatal injuries to bicyclists: the experience in Dade County, Florida, Journal of Trauma, 23:745-755, 1983. Finch C F, Newstead S V, Cameron M H and Vulcan A P, Head injury reductions in Victoria two years after introduction of mandatory bicycle helmet use, Monash University Accident Research Centre, Report No.51, July 1993. Fisher D and Stern T, Results of a study on 1100 bicycle helmets involved in accidents, in Proceedings, 38th Annual Conference, Association for the Advancement of Automotive Medicine, AAAM, 1994. Gadd C W Use of a weighted impulse criterion for estimating injury hazard, in Proceedings, Tenth Stapp Car Crash Conference, Society of Automotive Engineers, 164:174, 1966. Gielen A C, Joff E A, Dannenberg A L, Wilson M E H, Beilenson P L and DeBoer M, Psychosocial factors associated with the use of bicycle helmets among children in counties with and without helmet use laws, Journal of Paediatrics, 124:204-210, 1994. Gennarelli T A and Thibault L E, Biomechanics of acute subdural haematoma, Journal of Trauma, 22: 680-686, 1982. Gennarelli T A, Thibault L E, Adams J H, Graham D I, Thompson C J and Marcincin R P, Diffuse axonal injury and traumatic coma in the primate, Annals of Neurology, 12:564-574, 1982. Gilbert K and McCarthy M, Deaths of cyclists in London 1985-92: the hazards of road traffic British Medical Journal. 308: 1534-1537, 1994. Graitcer P L and Kellermann A L, Is legislation an effective way to promote bicycle helmet use?, in Proceedings, 38th Annual Conference, Association for the Advancement of Automotive Medicine, AAAM 1994. Guichon D M P and Myles, J J Bicycle injuries: one year sample in Calgary, Journal of Trauma, 15:504-506, 1975. Healy D J, Trends in helmet usage rates and bicyclist numbers sustaining a head injury, July 1981 to December 1985, Victoria, Report GR/86/11, Road Traffic Authority, Victoria 1986. Hodgson V R, Impact, skid and retention tests on a representative group of bicycle helmets to determine their headneck protective characteristics, Department of Neurosurgery, Wayne State University, Michigan, 1990 (BHSIDOC # 310, Bicycle Helmet Safety Institute, Arlington VA, 1990). Hodgson V R, Skid tests on a select group of bicycle helmets to determine their head-neck protective characteristics, Department of Neurosurgery, Wayne State University, Michigan, 1990 (BHSIDOC # 357, Bicycle Helmet Safety Institute, Arlington VA. 1990). Hoque M M, An analysis of fatal bicycle accidents in Victoria (Australia) with a special reference to nighttime accidents, Accident Analysis and Prevention, 22:1-11, 1990. Hurt H H and Thom D R, Laboratory tests and accident performance of bicycle safety helmets, in Proceedings 29th Annual Conference, American Association for Automotive Medicine, AAAM, 1985. Illingsworth C M, Naval D and Bell D, 150 bicycle injuries in children: a comparison with accidents due to other causes, Injury, 13:7-9, 1981. Jamieson K G and Kelly D, Crash helmets reduce head injuries, Medical Journal of Australia, 2:806-809, 1973. Kraus J F, Fife D and Conroy C, Incidence, severity and outcomes of brain injuries involving bicycles, American Journal of Public Health, 77:76-78, 1987. Kedjidjian C B, Bicycle helmets save lives, Traffic Safety, 94(3):16-19, 1994. Kroon P O, Bunketorp O and Romanus B, in Proceedings, International IRCOBI Conference on the Biomechanics of Impacts, IRCOBI, 1986. Kruse D L McBeath A A, Bicycle accidents and injuries, a random survey of college population, American Journal of Sports Medicine, 8:342-344, 1980. Lane J C, Helmets for child bicyclists: some biomedical considerations, Federal Office of Road Safety Report No. CR 47, Department of Transport, Canberra, November 1986. Larsen L V, The epidemiology of bicyclists collision accidents, Journal of Traffic Medicine, 22:27-31, 1994. Li G and Baker S P, Alcohol in fatally injured bicyclists, Accident Analysis and Prevention. 26:543-548, 1994. Lighthall J W, Goshgarian H G and Pinderski C R, Characterisation of axonal injury produced by controlled cortical impact, Journal of Neurotrauma, 7:65-76, 1990. Lissner H R, Lebow M and Evans F G, Experimental studies on the relation between acceleration and intracranial pressure changes in man, Surgery, Gynaecology and Obstetrics, 111 :329-338, 1960. Long G J, Dowdell B, and Griffiths M, Development of a localised loading test for pedal cycle helmets, Crashlab, Road Safety Bureau, Roads and Traffic Authority of NSW (undated). Maimaris C, Sommers C L, Browning C and Palmer C R, Injury patterns in cyclists attending an accident and emergency department: a comparison of helmet wearers and non wearers, British Medical Journal, 308: 1537-1540, 1994. McDermott F T, Why pedal cyclists should wear safety helmets, Australian Family Physician, 13:284-285, 1984. McDermott F T and Klug G L, Differences in head injuries of pedal cyclist and motor cyclist casualties in Victoria, Medical Journal of Australia, 2: 30-32, 1982. McDermott F T and Lane J C, Protection afforded by cycle helmets (letter), British Medical Journal, 309:877, 1994. McDermott F T, Lane J C, Brazenor G A and Debney A E, The effectiveness of bicyclist helmets: a study of 1710 casualties, Journal of Trauma, 34:834-844, 1993. McIntosh A and Dowdell B, A field and laboratory study of the performance of pedal cycle helmets in real accidents, in Proceedings, International IRCOBI conference on the Biomechanics of Impact, 51-60, IRCOBI 1992. McKenna S, Borman B and Flemingh H, Pedal cycle accidents, New Zealand Medical Journal, 97:657-658, 1984. McSwain N E and Petrucelli E, Medical consequences of motorcycle helmet nonusage, Journal of Trauma, 24:233, 1984. Melvin J W, Lighthall J W and Ueno K, Brain injury biomechanics, in Nahum A M and Melvin J W, Accidental Injury: Biomechanics and Prevention, Springer-Verlag 1993. Mills N J, and Gilchrist A, The effectiveness of foams in bicycle and motor cycle helmets. Accident Analysis and Prevention,23:153-163, 1991. Nakayama D K, Gardner M J and Rogers K D, Disability from bicycle related injuries in children Journal of Trauma, 30:1390-1394, 1990. O'Connor P J, Road Injury in Australia, Road Injury Information Program, Report Series No.2, National Injury Surveillance Unit, Australian Institute of Health and Welfare. Canberra, 1993. Ommaya A K and Gennarelli T A, Cerebral concussion and traumatic unconsciousness: correlation of experimental and clinical observations on blunt head injuries, Brain, 97:633-654, 1974. Otte D, Injury mechanism and crash kinematic of cyclists in accidents: an analysis of real accidents, in Proceedings, 33rd Stapp Car Crash Conference, Society of Automotive Engineers, 1989. Piggott P, Knuiman M W and Rosman D L, Rates and pattern of injuries from bicycle crashes based on population: police and hospital data, Rood and Transport Research, 3:64-74, 1994. Pitt W R, Thomas S, Battistutta D, Nixon J, Clark R, and Acton C, Trends in head injuries among child bicyclists, British Medical Journal, 308:177-1994. Rimel R N, Giordani M A, Barth J T, Boll T J and Jane J A, Disability caused by minor head injury, Neurosurgery, 9(3), 1981. Rivara F P, Thompson D C and Thompson R S, The Seattle childrens' bicycle helmet campaign: changes in helmet use and head injury admissions, Paediatrics, 93:567-569, 1994. Rivara F T, Traumatic deaths of children in the United States: currently available prevention strategies, Paediatrics, 75: 456-462, 1985. Road Safety Bureau, Rood Traffic Accidents in NSW 1993, Statistical Statement: year ended 31 December 1993, Roads and Traffic Authority of New South Wales, 1994. Sacks J J, Holmgreen P, Smith S M and Sosim D M, Bicycle associated head injuries and deaths in the United States from 1984 through 1988: how many are preventable? Journal of the American Medical Association, 266:3016-3018, 1991. Smith T A, Teees D, Thom D R and Hurt H H, Evaluation and replication of impact damage to bicycle helmets, in Proceedings 37th Annual Conference, Association for the Advancement of Automotive Medicine, AAAM 1993. Smith N C and Milthorpe F W, An observational survey of low compliance and helmet wearing by bicyclists in NSW, 1993, Transport and Network Development Branch, Roads and Traffic Authority NSW, September 1993. Spaite D W, Murphy M, Criss E A, Valenzuela T D and Meislin H W, A prospective analysis of injury severity among helmeted and non-helmeted bicyclists involved in collisions with motor vehicles, Journal of Trauma, 31:1510-1516, 1991. Staysafe 12, Bicycle Safety, Joint Standing Committee upon Road Safety, Parliament of NSW, 1988. Thomas S, Acton C, Nixon J, Battistutta D, Pitt W R and Clark R, Effectiveness of bicycle helmets in preventing head injury in children: case control study, British Medical Journal. 308: 173-176. 1994. Thompson R, Rivara F and Thompson D, A case control study of the effectiveness of bicycle safety helmets, New England Journal of Medicine, 320: 1361-1367, 1989. Thompson D C, Thompson R S, Rivara F P and Wolf M E, A casecontrol study of the effectiveness of bicycle safety helmets in preventing facial injury, American Journal of Public Health. 80:1471-1474, 1990. Thorson J, Pedal cycle accidents, Scandinavian Journal of Social Medicine, 2:121-126, 1974. Travers Morgan Pty Ltd, Bicycle crashes in Western Australia, for the Federal Office of Road Safety, Report No. CR56, Department of Transport and Communications, Canberra. 1987. Walker M B, Law compliance among cyclists in NSW, April 1992: a third survey, Network Efficiency Branch, Roads and Traffic Authority NSW, July 1992. Walker M B, Law compliance and helmet use among cyclists in NSW, Consultant report CR6/90, Road Safety Bureau, Roads and Traffic Authority NSW, December 1990. Watson G S, Zador P L and Wilks A, The repeal of helmet use laws and increased motorcycle mortality in the United States 1975-1978, American Journal of Public Health, 70:579, 1980. Williams M, The protective performance of bicyclists' helmets in accidents, Accident Analysis and Prevention, 23: 119-131, 1991. Wilson D C, The effectiveness of motorcycle helmets in preventing fatalities, report DOT HS807 416, National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, Washington DC, 1989. Wood T and Milne P, Head injuries to pedal cyclists and the promotion of helmet use in Victoria, Australia, Accident Analysis and Prevention, 20:177-185, 1988. -- My real name backwards: nemuaZ lliB |
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